Night vision is only made possible because of the invention of the image intensifier tube which can amplify very small quantities of light. The image intensifier is basically a vacuum tube that converts photons into electrons.When lights enters an objective lens, it will strike a photo cathode that carries a high energy charge. The energy charge will travel through the image intensifier and converts photons to electrons and strike a phosphor screen where the image is illuminated. The ocular lenses on the night vision goggles helps to focus on the images.

The main reason why night vision goggles images are green is because through studies conducted, it has been found our naked human eye can differentiate more shades of green than any other color.There are currently 3 generations of night vision goggles on the market from generation 1 to generation 3. Generation 3 night vision goggles are the most advanced with better image resolution and brightness and are considered even better than military grade goggles. Gen 3 night vision goggles uses gallium arsenide photocathode to enable greater viewing distances under much darker environments.

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